What are Mac OS, macOS version, and macOS keychain?

(Mac OS) Apple Inc. developed the Macintosh Operating System as a variant of Windows (OS). The virtual machine was first introduced in 1984 to power Apple’s Macintosh workstations (PCs). Redmond created its GUI system, the Windows Operating System, in response to the Macintosh’s introduction of a new age of GUIs.

Since the Mac OS version was released while MS-DOS was the industry standard, it considers being the forerunner of Linux distributions with a GUI. Mac OS is a powerful operating system that, in terms of features and services, is comparable to Windows and Linux. Some of the code and functionality from Lisa OS have been included in Mac OS.

The inherent simplicity of use of the Macintosh was the major focus of Apple’s marketing for the device. In contrast to virtually every other PC of the time, the Mac OS knows as simply System Software and had a version number.

Instead of typing commands and directory locations at text prompts, users, used a mouse cursor to visually navigate the Finder, a series of virtual directories and files represented by icons. The majority of computer operating systems later embraced the GUI paradigm.

What is a macOS keychain?

To help you remember fewer passwords, macOS Keychain Access is an application that stores and maintains your usernames, passwords, and account information.

When you enter a website, email account, network server, or another password-protected item, you can give the option to remember or save the password. If you choose to save the password, it will keep in your keychain and you won’t have to remember it or type it in each time.

Due to the safe storage and retrieval of your user names, passwords, and other information via macOS Keychain Access, you may make certain passwords more challenging to guess. Your personal accounts’ security can increase as a result.

What is macOS X?

The operating system for Apple’s Macintosh computers is called MacOS X, where X stands for the Roman numeral 10. It also supports a wide range of programming languages, operating systems, and development tools, such as UNIX, Java, the exclusive Cocoa, and Carbon runtime environments, as well as many open-source, Web, scripting, and database applications. In 2001, the “Classic” Mac OS version 9 replace by MacOS X, which also brought in a new nomenclature.

macOS X features:

Because the legacy MacOS was losing ground to Windows and lacked many desirable features, macOS X intended to represent a significant operating system improvement. In addition to major visual modifications like the Aqua user interface and the Dock, Apple used MacOS X to release much native software, including Mail, Address Book, and TextEdit.

The original look and feel of macOS X Cheetah have mostly been maintained in later releases, with a few small changes made to enhance the user interface. New features including Safari, Spotlight, Quick Look, multi-touch gestures, and iCloud have gained popularity since OS X’s first introduction.

One notable change had nothing to do with technology: beginning with OS X Mavericks in 2013, Apple started offering Mac users free updates. This is a major price reduction from the initial $130 price of OS X at launch and subsequent upgrades, a shift that Apple CEO Tim Cook purportedly said was more in keeping with the company’s objectives.

What are macOS Terminal Commands?

Following are the macOS terminal commands:

Pwd:

In the open terminal window, locate the folder’s location and name.

Ls:

Lists all of the files and directories that are currently present in the terminal. ls -lah is a command that displays hidden files and transforms file sizes to a human-readable format.

Cd:

Make a directory switch. Allows you to move files from one area on your drive to another.

Mkdir:

making a new folder appear where the one that is open right now does. It’s important to remember that you can create just one new folder. A folder hierarchy can be built with the -p parameter. Think about the following example:

new-folder mkdir

path1/path2/new-folder mkdir –p

cp:

This command transfers a file between two locations. When you want to copy a folder, use the ‘-R’ argument. For instance, cp. bashrc bashrc.backup

cp -R Movies Movies. backup cp -R Movies Movies. backup cp -R Movie

rm and rmdir:

rm and rmdir are two commands that can be used to rename files.

Take a folder or file off your computer. Always double-check that you’ve provided the rm command the required parameters since if you’re not careful, you might potentially blow up your Mac..

more, less, cat:

Allows you to view a text file’s content, for example, cat.bashrc more.bashrc less.bashrc

Grep:

grep is a command that filters a text file based on a keyword you specify. For example, if you have a huge text file and want to see if your name appears anywhere, you may use the command:

grep john | cat mylargefile.txt

If your name isn’t John, you know what I’m talking about. Here you may use any keyword you like.

Du:

Displays the Disk Usage, a handy tool for determining how much space a folder takes up. It’s commonly used with the -hs switch to display only human-readable totals. Consider the following scenario:

du -hs Movies

Man:

The documentation page for any available command is displayed. This practical built-in tool shows every piece of information about a command that is readily available, including all potential arguments and alternatives. Think about the following example:

ls man

Difference between macOS and Windows:

Windows:

Windows is a group of exclusive graphical operating systems offered by Microsoft Incorporation. Another name for it is Microsoft Windows. Currently, it includes Windows NT and Windows IoT. Before their discontinuation, Windows 9x, Windows Mobile, and Windows Phone were featured. The most popular computer operating system is it. In 1985, Microsoft introduced the first iteration of Windows. The most current version of Windows for personal computers is Windows 10.

macOS:

The macOS family of proprietary graphical operating systems is produced by Apple Incorporation. It was formerly referred to as Mac OS X and later OS X. It is only designed to work with Apple Mac computers. Unix is the foundation of the operating system. It was created using Swift, Objective-C, C++, Assembly, and C. It is the second most widely used operating system for personal computers, behind Windows. In 2001, Apple introduced the first iteration of macOS. The most current stable version of macOS is 10.15.1, sometimes referred to as Catalina.

macOS versions:

A little history. After Steve Jobs left Apple, he started NeXT, which Apple acquired in 1996. The next year, Jobs returned to Apple and contributed to the creation of the first Mac OS that could contend with Windows. At that point, it was obvious that Apple had the potential to become a significant player.

The first member of the macOS family, Mac OS X Public Beta, was introduced in 2000. Mac OS X 10.0 was then available to the general public in 2001. From the very first to the most recent iterations of Mac OS X, let’s review their whole history.

1. Mac OS X 10.0 (Cheetah):

On March 24, 2001, Mac OS X Cheetah introduced the Aqua user interface. Given that it supports both 2D and 3D images, offering a whole new visual experience, it represents a significant leap in the development of graphical interfaces. Cheetah had a water design that, in Steve Jobs’ words, “one wanted to lick when they saw it.” However, beauty has a cost. The visual upgrades made Cheetah incredibly slow, which led Apple to move the emphasis of the following update from the aesthetic experience to performance.

2. Mac OS X 10.1 (Puma):

25 September 2001: You may have noticed that Apple’s first operating systems all have animal names. Along with several other functional improvements, Puma added a sizable performance gain. These included easier CD and DVD burning, more Finder features, and enhanced printer compatibility. This was the initial release of macOS.

3. Mac OS X 10.2 (Jaguar):

August 23, 2002: Can you believe that the third iteration of Mac OS X contained a Finder search function? Before, Finder didn’t have it! Jaguar also supports QuickTime MPEG-4, has many privacy features, and introduces a Universal Access API. Some of the programs made with this edition are still accessible for Mac today (for example, Address Book, which is now called Contacts).

4. Mac OS X 10.3 (Panther):

On October 24, 2003, Safari became available. Internet Explorer is replaced with Apple’s first official web browser for the Mac. This is the first time Safari has been declared the default browser, even though it was accessible on Jaguar. In addition, Panther contains over 150 new features, such as Font Book, Xcode upgrades, and other things.

5. Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger):

April 29, 2005: Did you think that Apple TV was a relatively recent addition? Guess what, it was created in 2005, the year Apple debuted its fifth operating system! There was a big update with Tiger. Along with more than 200 other improvements, Spotlight search, Automator, and VoiceOver included. Tiger was the first Mac operating system since Apple switched to Intel CPUs around this time.

6. Mac OS X 10.5 (Leopard):

The October 26, 2007 release of this macOS version: One of the most innovative Mac operating systems, Leopard, is now available. This time around, the Mac desktop boasts a tonne of new features, such as Stacks, a Dock, and a revamped menu bar. Additionally included are Time Machine, Spotlight updates, and 64-bit software compatibility. Leopard has so many extra features that Apple had to delay the planned release date to finish everything on time.

7. Mac OS X 10.6 (Snow Leopard):

On the August 28, 2009, release of this macOS version: The emphasis of Snow Leopard, Leopard’s replacement, was expanding 64-bit architecture. Most native programs have been updated to 64-bit versions. This turned out to be the first step toward a total shift, as predicted by experts at the time. Additionally developed during the Snow Leopard era was the App Store.

8. Mac OS X 10.7 (Lion):

The July 20, 2011 release of this macOS version: With Lion, Apple brings a tonne of new features from iOS to Mac OS X. A launchpad, several touch motions, and more The “natural scrolling” feature of Mac OS X 10.7, which raised the content as you scrolled down, criticized by many users. At the time, it seemed more logical to have the content descend as Windows did.

9. OS X 10.8 (Mountain Lion):

The July 25, 2012, release of this macOS version: Mac users now have access to popular iOS apps like Notes, Reminders, and Messages, making it a more pleasant location to organize your daily routine. The most significant upgrade in Mountain Lion is the Notification Center, which notifies users of upgrades through on-screen banners.

10. OS X 10.9 (Mavericks):

The October 22, 2013 release of this macOS version: Numerous privacy features added in the tenth operating system, with a focus on password encryption and storage. The iCloud Keychain will be accessible at this time. OS X 10.9 introduces new Maps, iBooks, and Tags as well as a modification to Notification Center that enables users to respond to notifications immediately.

11. OS X 10.10 (Yosemite):

The biggest important update in years made to macOS was on October 16, 2014. There is plenty to like, from minor touches like thin fonts and fresh color palettes to a significant shift toward flat visual design that is more in line with iOS’s design. Yosemite also has Continuity and Handoff in the mix. This is but one more example of Apple’s efforts to deliver a superior cross-device experience in the future.

12. OS X 10.11 (El Capitan):

The September 30, 2015, release of this macOS version: El Capitan is speedier, better, and stronger than the previous operating system due to a considerable performance jump. For instance, it can open programs 40% faster than earlier PCs. Additionally, Split View’s dual-pane makes its debut this year, providing Mac users with more window management options.

13. macOS 10.12 (Sierra):

The September 20, 2016 release of this macOS version: Apple switches to the “macOS” naming scheme with Sierra. More iOS features are introduced, such as the ability to use an Apple Watch to unlock a Mac. A brand-new storage optimization tool gives a thorough assessment of storage as well as advice on how to make disc space available. Hello, Siri as well!

14. macOS 10.13 (High Sierra):

The September 25, 2017 release of this macOS version: In addition to switching from HFS+ to the superior Apple File System (APFS), High Sierra also offers a new video standard called HEIC. Other than that, only minor changes have been made to Safari, Mail, and Photo.

15. macOS 10.14 (Mojave):

The September 24, 2018 release of this macOS version: At that point, things started to seem a little gloomy. We’re discussing Dark Mode! Mac users may now go about their day-to-night routine as the colors of the screen change with them thanks to the Dynamic Desktop feature. Just a handful of the new iOS applications are Stocks, News, and Home.

16. macOS 10.15 (Catalina):

The 2019-10-07 macOS release is as follows: The release of macOS Catalina, which separates Apple’s preferred platform for media content into three separate programs (Music, Podcasts, and Movies), signals the end of iTunes. Apple keeps tying iOS and macOS together with Sidecar, a feature that lets you connect an iPad screen to your Mac, and the ability for developers to port iOS programs to macOS.

17. macOS 11 (Big Sur):

The November 19, 2020 release of this macOS version: There is no macOS 10.16 because Big Sur needs a more dramatic version number, like 11.0. The version of macOS Big Sur that stands out is the one that gives Apple’s M1 Macs a significant design makeover and transition. The first operating system that enables users to run native iOS apps—also referred to as Universal apps—on their Macs is this one.

18. macOS 12 (Monterey):

Fall 2021: The June 7-announced macOS Monterey has shortcuts, which let you create rapid actions across different programs to automate your flow. Other innovations include Universal Control, which enables easy switching between iOS and Mac devices (you can move your mouse from a Mac to an iPad, for instance); a redesigned Safari with tab groups; and a plethora of new FaceTime functions. The most recent version of macOS is this.

what is macOS Automator?

A tool included with OS X called MacOS Automator enables you to design your own workflows to carry out both simple and complex tasks, such as renaming files in a folder, joining several PDF files, or changing the format of QuickTime videos.